the beginnings of mankind
professor graham philippe a
archaeologist of the university of durán
is in the old town of sanliurfa
has come to investigate what can be
the most archaeological find
important of a generation
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in 1994 an old Turkish farmer
he smashed his pleasure against a stone
rectangular was found to be the
top of a series of
incredible t-shaped megaliths
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intact for thousands of years
discover these giant stones revealed
which were covered with the symbolic
art of an unknown civilization
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but the biggest surprise of all came
when the carbon test was done
gobekli tepe has more than 11 thousand years
more than 7,000 years older than
6,000 years more pyramids than
gene in the full age of
stone a civilization began to
came out of nowhere and built a temple
with complex engraving showing
organizational skills and
engineering knowledge with thousands
years of development
we have stonehenge a moment
impressive large structures of
stone and still gobekli tepe is al
less six thousand and two hundred years older
that stonehenge and makes the achievement
technician to be even more impressive
the discovery of gobekli tepe ha
radically changed our concept
of men of stone age
considered by many to be simple
hunter gatherers
this is the representation of a hunter
traditional collector resources
limited small groups
following herds of animals is very
likely that a community like this
would have been able to build a
monument as google and therefore
we must assume that these societies
were very different from the nation
usual of natures
of hunter communities
collectors
Professor Philippe addressed the
zone is your first look at the old
megaliths this is amazing this
it's fantastic
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it seems that there are two major pillars in
half-shaped and surrounded by
by a circle of pillars
small and there are stone walls
filling in the spaces between them
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or huge six should measure about six
meters a huge structure these
huge blocks of stone were
excavated from the earth and engravings
only with stone tools
you can feel the edges clearly
who continued to record them and feel the
level of effort and details that have
invested to make these reliefs
engravings of these ancient stones are
an important clue that can
unravel the mystery of who created
this complex of temples
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Professor philippe addresses the old man
neighborhood of san león fa where they find
the headquarters of a team of
German and Turkish archaeologists who
they are digging in the area
the team leader is the teacher
klaus nor here I have a map for you
well you can recognize the area where you've
estado
we have four fenced areas numbered
according to the order of discovery abc
and
the largest and the red are the
pebble stones
using a penetration radar
have found at least
16 additional zones that have not been
excavated so the four zones that
I have seen are in this small area in
this rif zone
there are literally hundreds of mega lithos
still buried
for now Professor Smith and his team
they have only scratched the surface of this
immense complex although it has only been
discovered a small part of the
area have already found some pictures
extraordinary engravings on the rocks
including what appear to be half chimeras
human half animals
here in this pillar we have a
very rich decoration most dominant
are these two big birds here
They are probably Bruges but
interesting is that the legs of the
birds are not birds are legs
humans if they bend their knees like
human bones
it may be a description of a
shaman becoming a bird in
a smith crane and his colleagues have
concluded that the
T-shaped megaliths are some type
of figures
then this pillars some kind of
statues if it is a statue
we use the word pillar but only
it is a word
in fact they are statues the other part of
Fed is a human head seen from
profile and the vertical part is a body
human you can see both hands
joining here from the two halves
of the statue and some type of
animal or something with a buckle
belt here on the front
the shape of the tail shows that
possibly the fox's fur
used as cover
Yes it is
it is possible that these figures represent
community leaders to class
high or you think it's something different in
none of these statues is a face
and this phenomenon of being faceless in
shows that they are not part of our
world are not part of our
society
they come from somewhere else they may be
God is the first representation of
the gods made by humans
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if they are representations of gods as
schmidt says
then this place could be the
oldest temple known by the
humanity the birth of religion
a place and a time where
hunter-gatherers stopped hunting
in small groups to meet in
this temple to pray in front of these
figures but what puzzles the
professor philippe is the fact that
primitive hunters of the age of
stone may have built a
so sophisticated structure
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Professor Smith wants to show you
teacher philippe something to help you
answer this question on this hill
Professor Schmidt has discovered a
view that can help explain this
extraordinary engineering feat
graham you recognize this area
Look at these edges and that corner we are
on a t-shaped stone
is one of the big stones if one of
the big stones that are still in
The Earth
they left because after doing
the form that can be observed
perfectly
6 maybe they saw some cracks and
therefore they did not extract this is a
an immense monument made with
very basic tools used
flint tools flint is one
very strong stone is like the steel of
Stone age
limestone in comparison to the
flint you need a lot of time to itch
chop and chop and you will get a channel
enough to extract this pillar
How many people do you think will be needed?
to dig and transport one of these
we suppose that a hundred are not enough and
a thousand are too many
possibly about 500 male adults
take part in these activities
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an organization of such magnitude
would need leaders a possible
priestly class to control the
workers but from where they would
these priests came out with their
knowledge of the work of stone and
their ability to control large
groups of people skills not very
common for primitive hunters
collectors, it is not easy to extract a
block so big a stone so big
nor is it easy to carry
you must have knowledge for it
therefore at that time they had
engineering knowledge the hundreds
of people who did this would have
had to be living here for
years and would need to stock up on
food
this may be a maneuver of
hunting away from hunting and a
primitive step towards agriculture is
interesting that this fantastic place
of gobekli tepe this wonderful
sculpture appeared almost exactly the
the same period in which the
agriculture and in which the
crops
the cultivated modern wheat
related to this region is still
find areas with trittico a monkey
with one of the origins of wheat
modern the great step of hunting
harvesting to organized agriculture
marks the birth of the
civilizations and that happened here in
an area known as the arc fert he
as the Bible says when humans
they lost their innocence they were expelled
of paradise to till the earth
there are people who suggest that he governed icp
could have inspired the history of
Eden's garden
Professor philippe is back in
gob and itp
wants to see if there is something
placement of stones and looking
these plans
it is interesting to see that all
central cells of the zones
fences appear to be lined up in the
same direction when they were built
the circles did not look like
have today before these are buried
large central pillars would have
remained active on top of the
hill what seems to suggest is that
all were built like this because
they wanted to look at that
address and there was some reason
to place them so
I've been taking my own measurements and
that he has found suggests that these
large stones are lined up in
northwest direction north-west
the alignment of the stones is great
interest for the tri angle see believe
could be directed towards the
stars but the view of the stars
is not the same as the village of
gobekli tepe 10,000 years ago
back in london and idria gilbert
has a computer program that can
find out what the vision would be
perceived from several
locations all over the world in
any time in history
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first enter location
then the date takes us back in the
Time
several centuries ago what they would have
seen from that point if you will find
among monuments would have been
incredibly the orion belt
these three bright stars that
form the belt of this
constellation called Orion
constellation of orion is one of the
more recognizable from the sky is like
figure of a man head shoulders and two
legs
here is a raised hand holding a
club who is holding another hand
which is sometimes represented as a
shield or animal skin often
is considered the figure of a
hunter a great hunter in the skies
believe it can be an important clue
by the meaning of the excavation
the idea that the gobekli complex
tepe is related to orion
very exciting because it is not the
first time we met this
theory even though many are in
disagreement
Gilbert believes that the three pyramids
7,000 years more
young gobel and pp were
built to look like three
orion belt stars
there are two bright stars and one a
a little less bright and a little apart
of the diagonal
Gilbert believes that the pyramids follow
the same pattern seems to be
pyramids were used as
method to help send the soul of the
Pharaoh back to the stars
the idea is that they built those
pyramids representing the
stars to help them send the
souls of the pharaohs back to
Orion's belt
Gilbert wonders if gob ec lite pp
has the same objective
this is exciting because it suggests that
the idea that orion is related
with the cult of the dead is much more
ancient of what we believed
filippi smith disagree with
gilbert's conclusion back
gobekli tepe there is evidence that the
structure of the temple was associated
with death
the central motif is easily
recognizable as a vulture and splashed
and is playing or interacting with
some kind of disc or ball and
below is a very large scorpion very
well represented very realistic
the vultures eat meat and the banks of
between the pillars may contain
clues about meat that might be
ing one of the most
interesting in this area are the banks
of stone between pillars
we also have them in other areas and
that we find inside these banks
they were human bones buried
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gobekli tepe seems to be a place of
violence and bloody rituals of
back in the old town to leave fa
professor philippe reviews the
photographs he took in the excavation
images that appear to be related
with death
looking at the images has emerged the
relation to the possible relationship between
birds among the vultures and death and
this seems a line of research
it is worth following this
mysterious site of 11,000 years ago
years begins to slowly reveal its
dark secrets
Filippa now visits the snip teacher
to see if he shares his
interpretation of engravings
I was especially surprised and
excited about this picture here
can you tell me something else about this
figure down here we have a torso
human we have the arms and the shoulders
but no head is missing the head is
a very strong connection with the reason
of death
no doubt believes that the vulture of the
The same stone may be playing with the
decapitated head and may be the
head of the person
do you think there might be a
association with death in this pillar
in concrete and clear is not a situation
peaceful is creepy
that day
smith took phillip to the museum
sanliurfa to teach him a sample of
the artifacts of gobekli tepe these
teeth and ribs that are shown
symbolize death or an illness
the theme of death also appears the
next sculptress up here we can
to see the ears
therefore it is clear that it is not a
human head
this animal probably of lion not of
leopard but with human arms and
hands are holding on to something of mid cree
that the animal is holding the remains
of a human head
our idea is that the souls of the
humans are moved by animals
to another sphere then the lion is
holding the head of this figure
and there is a third
reason down here
fortunately in the head is
fully conserved
it is a human head and they look
the arms may be in the position of
giving birth
It's not very clear, but if it were
giving birth
we would have a very
interesting of the two most
of human life
the birth and death of a person
Professor philippe was addressing
back to google and pp to take a
last glance
these are my last hours ngöbe
clippers and I'm sitting here in the dark
in the middle of one of the fenced and
looking at images of wild animals and
of dead decapitated corpses
thinking about the possibility that here
buried corpses began to
make me to the idea that these
monuments were related to the
death or perhaps with some kind of
sect
I'm sitting on what could be
consider a people of death
and as we slowly begin to
understand some aspects of gobekli
tepe it is clear that this place is still
full of mysteries and still harboring
for a long time
For more infomation >> video 2a - Duration: 0:10. 
For more infomation >> video 2b - Duration: 0:40. 
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