aight the nature of your inspirational
emergency because we have your treatment
protocol the star trek NASA panel but
first a message from the captain
NASA
works by science
Oh rings better work amount of energy
trust needed to lift and free ourselves
and gravity the mathematics involved in
setting an arc there because you want to
land over there all that's mathematical
but science fiction's totally imagine
exact opposite
what happens if
light that is then and you could go
through the center and make it quick
there is that all these imaginative
exercises science fiction is merely food
for the imagination of scientists or
actually working with technology that is
imagine sending a vehicle to take a
photograph of Pluto and come around and
take around the move around keep going
you can't do that on motorcycle
community you know you set your course
on a motorcycle
if you don't your your-your-your line
you're gonna fall
Oh thinking around its mama but NASA's
doing with science that is when you look
at it is the equal of science fiction
how are you going to make a parachute
that's going to stop a vehicle a bomb
pops out and going to stop it's not a
miracle how much line do you need what
should the material be audio slowed down
before the and then you have to send
that signal and then seven or nine
minutes later the singer i mean it's
it's science fiction
shadows that boss in front of a star
that suggests there's a planet and it's
big enough planet be the size of the m1
of the learner is it possible the life
exists on that planet that's only a
shadow in a telescope
those are the imaginative things that
mass are looking at that's every bit as
passionately imaginative is science
fiction but you guys are working it's in
incredible to seek out new life my first
questions for you amber how will the
james webb space telescope in future
telescopes help us in our search for
life in the universe
yeah so I the James Webb Space Telescope
first of all how many of you have heard
of it
be honest oh yes but ok so we're still a
few years from one so a lot of times in
a crowd when I asked that it's only
maybe maybe ten percent if i'm lucky but
y'all are in the note which I love so
yeah the James Webb Space Telescope
we're building it as the successor to
the Hubble Space Telescope and so all
said and done it's going to be about a
hundred times more powerful than Hubble
so it's going to be amazing i was
awesome picture here and videos they're
showing give you a little glimpse of it
and i hope what you can see in here is
how big this thing is it is by far the
biggest telescope that we've ever sent
into space
it's so big that we have to fold it up
put it inside the rocket and it deployed
once it gets into orbit about four
stories tall top to bottom and it's got
a massive sunshield that is shown here
it's about the size of a tennis court TV
census kellec absolute fitness room and
it's huge and we need this huge
telescope to help us answer these
fundamental questions about the universe
questions about early galaxies which i'm
really interested in but then also this
ultimate question of are we alone in the
universe
so with this telescope one of the
awesome things that we hope to be able
to do is really expand on the knowledge
that we've gained from other telescopes
like the Kepler telescope and learn in
detail about exoplanets so from the
Kepler telescope we've now learned that
there are thousands
of confirmed exoplanets orbiting other
stars so think about that and when I was
a kid growing up in rural arkansas the
only planet we knew over in our own
solar system you know this has been an
absolute fundamental paradigm shift of
our knowledge about the universe
I really just you know the last 20 years
but really in the last five to ten years
Kepler has changed the way that we
understand how planets form if you go up
to outside at nine point up at a star
almost certainly has a planet around it
and you know that's something that we
didn't know even 10 years ago but Kepler
has shown us that planets are common but
we haven't yet been able to study them
in detail and so what this telescope is
going to allow us to do is look for
planets stars and planets that are
relatively nearby we watched the planet
transit in front of its star and then we
look at the start the star light that
passes through the atmospheres of these
exoplanets with this amazing huge
telescope and so we need this big mirror
and the really really advanced detectors
that we have a telescope to study in
detail those atmospheres of those
exoplanets so what are we looking for
course we're looking for signs of life
you know we're looking for habitable
planets now finding those really hard to
do absolutely believe that there that
there's life out there
absolutely i believe that we have to
sort of hit the jackpot to get to get a
confirmation with james webb you know in
its operating lifetime but absolutely
this telescope is the next step next big
step in our search for life the universe
thank you and a babak first Cassini
curiosity now Europa how are you at JPL
expanding our search
I'm so I'm not looking for the
civilizations part because I be
terrifying if they were also in our
source then we haven't found them yet
and
but no I really I fundamentally believe
it so I mean that the crazy thing is you
know we look at Earth and it's this one
data point to understand our entire
understanding of life comes from from
one data point effectively but the idea
now is a kind of look out and and you
know in the universe as well it's kinda
nearby is that all the ingredients we
believe are necessary for life exists in
a variety of places you know places like
Mars but also these icy worlds these
moons of jupiter and saturn and with
with euro you know we're sending a
mission there possibly up to two
missions there to look for real evidence
of habitability and possibly life and
that's because you know your business
moving about the size of our moon with
about two to three times the water of
earthly believe that exists kinda warm
relatively warm ocean below this icy
shell that's what we think is there
that's what we're going to go try to
confirm and then to look for for the
ingredients but he knows the chemistry
it's the energy man it's good to have
that kind of presence for a long time so
I absolutely believe that we know we we
have a chance to find life in our own
solar system outside of Earth i think
that that it may not know look like the
Vulcans or anything like that but we
make first contact hopefully before 2061
time kind of optimistic with a microbe
with a microbe yeah I mean it's gonna be
a little different than you imagine
no James Cromwell to just like kind of
do this Cara compare and contrast to
their comments absolutely so one of the
things that's so exciting to be able to
sit here and and listen to what we were
doing looking way out in the distance
and let me just compare contrast a
little bit to experience of what we're
doing on the space station mom one of
these guys are looking out for life
outside the the solar system and the
space station our views of the earth and
it is absolutely beautiful and when
you're on when you're in low-earth orbit
and you look out you can see over the
the curvature of the earth obviously and
Incy out into deep space as
constellations in the view of the night
sky is absolutely incredible from a
but the one thing you know when people
ask me do you think there's life out
there
my answer is I don't know but what I do
know is that the earth is absolutely
unique and absolutely beautiful and it
is our to use a cliché spaceship we are
all crew members on this spaceship and
living on the space station it becomes
immediately clear that if you do not
take care of the space station we aren't
doing the maintenance that we need to do
we treat the space station carelessly
that there is a very very real
probability of the space station
breaking and not being able to sustain
our life so we spent my spend about
thirty percent of my time taking care of
the space station while I was up there
it is what provides us oxygen and water
food and protection from radiation a
breathable atmosphere and then when you
look back at the earth it is gorgeous
but it is fragile
you can see a very very thin blue line
that separates humanity from the cold
void of space and we do not spend
anywhere near thirty percent of our time
taking care of this planet is fragile it
is finite
it is our home and as we look into space
I think the other thing that NASA helps
us do is look back at our planet at our
home to study our home planet and figure
out ways that we can what we can do to
take better care of it so I think it's
awesome that we were looking outward but
we need to continue to look inward as
well and and maintain our home as we
continue to explore challenge here
thank you for reminding us that
maintaining our planet is a survival
issue and not a political issue
Jake you wanna weigh in jail on the
search for life as it relates to your
your work
no I have to follow the astronaut with
attack no no haha that we all have to
follow me ask her now this is actually
where I would weigh in less than the
other panelists because the main thing I
get to do is periodically fun
revolutionary new concepts every once in
a while people have an idea for a new
way to make a telescope or an imager or
to enable exploration into a place that
we can't go now like into a cryo volcano
or down to explore the oceans under the
ice and so that's the kind of thing that
some of the technologies that i'm
honored to study i want to follow up
with a question to chelle star trek
famously in visions of the future in
which exploration is very cooperative
and it's independent of race gender and
everyone cooperates and gets along in
their desire to explore and I wanted to
know how has your experience in training
on the International Space Station how
does it measure up with this wonderful
vision that we have on Star Trek that's
a that's a great question we've done
some amazing things on the space station
i think among those things you know I
alone got to work on over 240
experiments while is up on the space
station and it's the reason that we have
the space station it is an orbiting
laboratory where we conduct science and
research to extend our presence in the
solar system but also to make life
better back here on earth and and and so
we're staying the human body were
studying combustion to better benefit
humanity but in spite of all that work i
think that one of the the greatest
benefits that we have derived from the
space station is that international
cooperation piece for over 20 years
former adversaries so Japan Germany the
us-russia have worked together to create
this modern miracle of engineering
I mean it is a truly phenomenal place to
live and work and if you can I know many
of you traveled to get here
imagine while you're flying on that 737
that they're putting it together while
you're while you're flying to be to go
to Russia to go to Japan to go to
Germany to canada to train and then
ultimately to fly and have
representatives from all these countries
on the space station all of us working
together 24 mission success and towards
a common goal so incredible to be a part
of that I was felt so blessed to to be
assigned to a mission with the crew
members that I was up there with we all
got along
everybody's very professional concerned
about each other you know working in
that kind of an environment of course is
going to forge a bond that that will
last a lifetime
so absolutely amazing to be a part of an
international international program and
i think that one is that is really
reflected and of future looking star
track
all right back to dr. Faulkner at the
end of the table a fascinating part of
your job is trying to make ideas from
science fiction real how do you approach
that and what are you working on what
technologies that are similar to star
trek thank you
ok so my favorite program and NASA all
respect to the astronauts and I don't
get to go into space is a little
research program called nayak an asset
innovative advanced concepts and our job
and I'll in a phrase is to change the
possible and we very much study
revolutionary controversial things to
try to figure out how to get
capabilities we don't have an enable
missions that are either impossible or
prohibitive today so some of the things
that we funded are right out of science
fiction a space elevator even when we
don't have the materials with the
strength to weight ratio required to
build one we took a look at our proposal
that said here's what material
advancement is doing and where its
projected to be in 10 and 20 years and
there's a reason to believe we will be
able to build one
so if we could and the material operated
like this could be built on people know
how we would use one if it existed but
could you actually build something that
big and have it become operational and
if we did that will help what it do what
would it cost when we actually want that
that's the kind of question the kind of
exploration that we do in a whole range
of areas we don't have warp drive yet we
do study advanced propulsion in a number
of different ways Replicators are
becoming a reality with the additive
manufacturing machines i think we'll
we'll see that within our lifetime and I
have actually studied tractor beams into
different forms
cool a question for Amber and then babak
um why do you think space exploration
has become such an important part of pop
culture
yeah that's a great question and I did I
think it really does come back to this
is an idea that space exploration and
NASA and science and what we every all
the things we do at NASA comes back to
this idea of hope you know it's it's
about hope for a better future hope for
reaching beyond what we're currently
capable of and you know that sounds that
sounds a little a little fruity first
night just to say right that's not hard
data but you know it's it's it's
something deep about us as human beings
that we want to explore and that we want
to you to reach beyond what we're
capable of
so I think it really does come down to
that and so that's why we see it in
culture you know just last year we
celebrated the 25th anniversary of the
Hubble Space Telescope yay so I work
with Hubble data and I love huggable and
i love how Hubble has just absolutely
infiltrated pop-culture you can find
Hubble images everywhere they're all
over the place on youtube or on a u-haul
truck in music videos and album art for
some you know popular bands that it's
all over the place and and i think you
know the public realizes that that
Hubble is this amazing machine that we
built that explores the universe and
he's really fundamental ways and I think
even just maybe a little bit beyond that
it's sort of I guess it's it's not
surprising that technology like the
space station this awesome thing that
we've built you know we build things as
human so that's sort of you can
understand why I'm you know why the
space station hobble on these machines
that we build our sort of inspirational
and why and if you know you go out on
nature walks and we all enjoy getting
out in nature because it's part of our
experience why human beings think that
images of nebulae are beautiful little
weirder right because that's not really
part of our experience but everyone
recognizes the beauty and the Hubble
images right little strange so I don't
really know why that is but i think that
maybe it goes back to on some
fundamental level you know we realize
that we're sort of looking back at
ourselves we're looking at the cosmos
that we are from the cosmos for part of
it were part of this bigger picture this
bigger story Bobbi I don't I don't have
a bunch of that I think the other thing
that's so true and it and everything
that really honest everything out of
this program even it's even though I
know how the you know the sausages made
it does not make it any less inspiring
to see the accomplishments of people and
I think one of the things that that but
NASA and I'm really all the Space
Agency's one of the things that's so
powerful about it is it shows you what
is possible when people put their minds
together when we really work together to
achieve things and I don't know that
there's that many other fields that
seems so cohesively you know motivated
to do one incredible thing and i look at
this basically Hubble james webb
curiosity everything I worked I mean
thousands of people working together to
make you know one moment kind of and and
knowing I was going to everybody years
of science happen i think that's a very
powerful emotion and I&I I think that's
what you know when I see as programs
when I'm really most proud of I guess I
was so recently at JPL for the Juno
insertion into orbit and there's nothing
more exciting being in the friends and
family room when you guys go nuts in the
commercial and it is the most wonderful
feeling to watch them jumping up and
down and hugging each other and
high-fiving I cannot tell you she'll did
you use any Star Trek inspired
technology on the ISS well we don't have
a holo deck yet
but we actually did have a whole lens so
micro microsoft product whole lens
developed delivered to the space station
a little bit after I are actually they
arrived two days before i left the space
station we didn't get to unpack them I
didn't get to play with them but I
trained on them and I think that this is
a has had some real potential so using
augmented or mixed reality to present
not on not only operationally assistance
to an astronaut so as an astronaut or a
crew members looking at a piece of
equipment somebody that's following
along can actually draw on reality and
say this is the bolt that we need you to
turn or to be able to bring up
procedures and look at procedures while
you're working on something and then
there's the potential for for a holo
deck as well you know it was very
strange when I first arrived on the
space station came out of the Soyuz and
we immediately go into the Russian
segment of the space station to do a
downlink with our family and friends
that are still down in Baikonur having
just watched watched us launch and dock
and as I floated into the service module
I heard chirping birds and that was
interesting and so are psychologists and
our behavioral support folks will will
often send up sounds of earth' and and
so I think augmented or mixed reality
presents a possibility in the future of
you know being able to sit in your
backyard and listen to the to the birds
chirp for a couple of hours while you're
hanging out in your crew quarters and so
that's I think one very cool vision that
Star Trek add that we may be able to
implement sometime in the near future i
have a sorry gotta go back a moment so
basically if I understand the moment you
a bunch of stuff came to the space
station like it was like Christmas Eve
all the presents were there ready to
wrap and then they were like no you
gotta go home
that is that I get that right so almost
we can I got to use the robotic arm to
capture the Cygnus orbital ATK saying
that's my that's pretty cool and so my
videogame skills came into view cir very
cool we docked to the space station we
begged and pleaded for Mission Control
to allow us to do all the vestibule ops
so that we can open the hatches and I
did immediately dive in to find my crew
care package went through it all and you
know and this is all probably 10 hours
before we're supposed to climb into the
Soyuz and come back to earth so all the
personal stuff that got sent up there i
put on a sweatshirt that i had had sent
up to me i got our work for like an hour
and then had to back away and there were
some candy and some other end notes from
my family but some of the cool stuff
like the whole loans were fact deep in
there and we didn't get to play with it
so we had a Chris we opened our presents
presents on Christmas Eve I said that um
j i-i've heard of an annual event called
from science fiction to sign fact
science fact is that is that a real
thing yeah thank you for mentioning the
chicago museum of science and industry
started this so credit to them not to me
or to NASA but they specifically asked
for some of the nyack fellows who do
research one of my programs to come to
defines would you tell us what nayak the
acronym is NASA innovative advanced
concepts right you guys are really fast
and furious with the acronyms you know
we don't have time for all those words
haha alright the actor acronyms made of
acronyms and and it was so i went there
to the to the inaugural event the
museum's done it four times but it was
really awesome because not only was an
auditorium full of people like this on
their day off who came to see it
kids little kids lined up to ask
questions of the scientists afterwards
and it was just the kind of thing that I
would have loved to fight scene when I
was a kid was an honor to be part of it
so not only is that museum museum done
it for four years and invited other
fellows to come present about their
their work to other museums have done it
in a university and two others are in
contact
this all right now I have a question to
anyone on the panel can you define the
prime directive topic I think you're
gonna do this I cannot know I can only
talk about planetary protection which is
basically the equivalent of our prime
director of NASA
that's exactly what I was here okay go
ahead and alright so one of the things
that is crazy about this is we are
actively looking for life you know
outside of our own planet and one of the
things we want to do is when we find it
we want to be sure that it's actually
foreign in origin
we don't want to carry a bunch of Earth
life with us to Mars and then rediscover
the earth life that we brought with us
to Mars so there's an incredible amount
of protocol associated with every
mission that we send to a place that we
think could be habitable and as as I
kind of alluded to earlier there's a lot
of places that are very habitable and
those are the places we want to go and
so with Mars for example we have to
sterilize the spacecraft we have to bake
it out we know we rub it down with
alcohol in certain places and there's
like basically an acceptable limit of no
number of spores that are surviving that
we think would make the trip all the way
to Mars and therefore it's good but
conversely that problem applies now to
in in return we're starting to talk
about bringing sample back from other
planets and you know we want to make
sure that one that that anything that
may be surviving in there doesn't get
contaminated by earth when we opened it
up but also that we don't contaminate
our own planet and start like the
andromeda strain
so we do actually have to go so this is
an incredible engineering challenge for
all of us is how do we you know keep
things clean and we have to know we are
humans building spacecraft so we are
inherently covered in microbes and other
things that you don't want to think
about too much but it's actually a
really difficult challenge and and you
know they're just getting to the point
where you know they're like well we
don't want you to wear deodorant while
you're you know assembling a spacecraft
because that could contaminate our
processing chain and so it is it is
gonna be an interesting challenge and I
think that's kind of a surprisingly i
think we've got coming from a from a
university education engineering that
was one thing that never taught me about
in school was that you're going to have
to like watch out for how to keep life
of your spacecraft you guys I mean
that's just--that's family all of his
life that's the reason why we're doing
all of our search for life right now
with Rovers and because as soon as you
put a person on the surface brown no
mess it up for in all of our dealings
with RSO uh-huh that well one final
question of for the group i want anyone
has a question
maybe you should line up but this
challenge of you know humans to Mars
anybody want to talk about this sort of
knew it reinvigorated excitement among
the public for exploration in the wake
of the success of the movie the Martian
and and the fact that we now seem to
have a ground plan to put us in orbit
around Mars and 2033 and and and and
possibly even landing in the inn in
later that same decade anyone so i'll
just say that movies like the Martian
and the recent one-year mission with
scott Kelly the use of social media to
share images from deep space and also
the experience the astronauts are having
on the space station that all these
things i think it really created a
ground swell of interest for space
exploration in general and specifically
our current journey to Mars and we have
of course Rovers improves examining Mars
right now with the curiosity and Mars
2020 coming up really pathfinding
the astronauts that we hope to send
there in the next two decades and and we
see that we see that that interest
actually just recently as we had a new
astronaut application how many anybody
here
awesome awesome so you and eighteen
thousand others applied when I when I
applied it was just 3,500 of us so I'm
glad I'm not in your class haha but it's
it's a very exciting to be a part of the
space program we were having a
discussion earlier how somebody was kind
of lamenting not being a part of being
alive and in some of you around for what
you've got to watch the first steps on
the moon and the first shuttle launch
and so I saw the first shuttle launch
when I was in the second grade I
remember watching on television but
missed out on on the whole on the lunar
landings and everything but this is a
this is an amazing time to be a part of
the space program we we have with the
James Webb telescope the exploration we
have of of Mars and the probes that
we're sending all over the solar system
and then commercial spaceflight the
opportunities that are going to exist
here in the not-too-distant future so
that more people have that opportunity
to see the perspective of the earth from
low Earth orbit think that's going to be
critically important to really
understand what we need to need to do to
take care of our planet
alright so please direct your question
to any member of the panel
yes so I have two questions the first
one is for everybody and it's do you
think any intelligent life exists
elsewhere in the universe besides like
because microbes are possible do you
think that intelligent life exists
yes I don't know I don't know if we'll
find it in our lifetimes but absolutely
i think it's out there
I mean the fact is that our Milky Way
galaxy
normal galaxy has hundreds of billions
of stars and now like I said we know
that planets are common around almost
every star basically every star in our
galaxy has planets around it but there
are hundreds of billions of other
galaxies the universe is so vast is so
huge that I think I think without a
doubt that there's life out there my
opinion not a fact you have a follow-up
as well yeah I have a question for shell
that's that's fine i responded just
about anything what was it like was it
like transitioning between like
microgravity and Earth's gravity when
you came back from the ISS gravity is a
bummer
so my first interaction with gravity was
basically climbing out of the spacecraft
we were because our spacecraft tipped
over which is a normal normal
configuration but we were hanging from
our straps and a facedown and the hatch
opens this way and makes it really nice
platform actually for getting out so
i'll let my commander got out first then
Kimia my Japanese crewmate that was my
turn and the search-and-rescue guys came
in and unbuckled my straps into my brain
you know made a lot of sense i just get
down on all fours and kind of shimmy out
and so I got down on all fours and 15
face planet think just kind of lay it
there you help and and then it was not a
strength issue because we work out two
and a half hours every day on the space
station it was certain just basically my
brain did not understand how hard my
body needed to work to counter the force
of gravity that took me about 30 days to
get over the effects of just the
musculoskeletal kinda aches and and
soreness from being back in gravity but
after about 30 days I felt great thanks
for the great question that they would
yeah they they were two great questions
would you like to moderate the next
round
yes thank you guys all your your
champions of our culture right now
Star Trek I think it's been a little
hiatus for quite a while and talking
about the synergy between that pop
culture and and the reality of NASA
science you guys are taking that energy
and giving so much back to us
I'm wondering like how you feel that in
an area like comic-con like how the pop
culture can reiterate that that
synergistic energy like back towards
NASA and the reality and like um talked
about thinking of the awareness of our
planet and spaceship earth and how we
can increase the positive kind of
feedback flow with the message of Star
Trek and throughout history as well as
NASA which is so I'm it's a great
question in and we were actually just
talking a little bit earlier really
about this energy that exists between
science fiction and pop culture and what
we're doing at NASA and it's a it's a
cycle because we've got the biggest
collection of space nerds at NASA
anywhere and science fiction nerds so we
were inspired by wet
we're inspired my pop culture and in an
intern pop culture I think it is
inspired by the work that we do but
fundamentally to to help NASA do its job
to help us do things that we would like
to do and to help the kids here come and
take our jobs and and become the next
generation of explorers and scientists
and engineers I mean it really requires
use of the political system just to talk
to your to your to your leaders to your
congresspeople and index and Express
that support because it is public
support that our political leaders look
at and then and and that's how program
government programs get funded so
ultimately you know turn your passion
for pop culture and for what we're doing
at NASA and and give it feat
I'll add to that real quick just keep
doing what you're doing
everybody's here you guys are reading
the books watching the movies rooting
for us to explore and go beyond and
that's why we're doing it I'm going to
drop a plug here for you for you about
because Bob works at the planetary
society and they have a ton of great
resources on how to actually contact
your Congress people and show that
support so there's a lot of good stuff
thank you and please subscribe to my
free web video the planetary post where
you will hear what is cool that is
happening in space every month the
planetary post that that was a cheap
plug all right we only have one more
question
ok recognize all for being here all
being fans of Star Trek obviously the
doctors our favorite character
hey doctors we're not going to argue i
would like to know what is your favorite
Star Trek series and why
oh alright although i'm gonna leave the
stage
haha come on tell the truth run down and
tell you straight starting with Jay
don't lie i have to say the original
series because I saw it first and most
inspired me i have to say for sure
because women captive I eng just a
little Georgie and then like it doesn't
want
I'd have to say the original series i
aspire to be spot but I'm more like
bones and I'm not allowed to answer
thank you all very much has been a
wonderful experience
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