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Good day class, today we will be discussing Chapter 22 on climate change.
The first article we will look at starts on page 506 by the National Center for Science
Education called, "How Climate Change Should Effect the World and Society."
The overall goal of this article is to show the various ways climate change will impact
the ecosystems across the planet, and it's not just one universal impact, but it varies
from region to region.
The authors support this on page 506 when they explain that ocean sea level rising will
cause increasing storm systems along coastal areas.
The second main point they make is how oxygen producing plankton, tiny organisms that are
consumed by whales are increasingly being hit by the rising acidity of oceans.
As oceans get hotter, they become more acidic which impacts how these plankton survive.
This can effect the oxygen supply and larger animals species too.
On page 507 paragraph 7, they also bring up data from the CDC, showing how the authors
logical appeals support their argument, changing migrations, species dying out, others becoming
overpopulated can through off the balance of the ecosystem.
As animals move, they can also spread diseases to people.
Paragraph 10 goes on to point out that new researchers are working on how to reduce green
house gases which is key to reducing these problems.
This shows that while the essay argues overall a range of reactions to climate change, the
solution reduces green house gases which impacts the temperature, which impacts the ocean.
This shows a singluar key to reducing all these problems.
Pg. 509 article my Marlene Simmons called "Mental Health is the Latest Victim of Climate
Change."
The essay examines the internal impact this has on people apart from the environmental
impact.
On paragraph 3 she argues that climate change has more of a mental health impact than we
realized."
She highlights this idea that peoples mental health hasn't been examined.
This raises the stakes on why this topic is so important.
She goes into support this further in the second column page 509 "Where rising fears
about the future, will effect people's current behavior."
It says, "The mental effects havnen't been addressed," said Ann Sutran, Forensic Psychiatrist
one of the reports authors.
"We must not forget that peolple who are physically effected by climate change will also be suffering
from the emotional fallout of what has happened to them, and others suffer emotionally from
a distance, especially those who are move keenly aware, whereas children are especially
vulnerable."
"The psychological damage is not only about what is happening now, but what will happend
in the future."
This shows how the argument ties into anxiety.
Fears about disasters of current disasters and the future coming in their lifetime.
On page 510 She goes into paragraph shows the toll storms have on people's health when
she describes issues of Hurricane Sandys impact on people on the East Coast.
She explains that, "As bad as it was for Insman, it was far worst for others, nearly 300 people
died, and many lost their homes permanently.
This weighed heavily on Insman who felt guilty about her reactions.
I thought I had no right to feel what I was feeling because my situation wasn't as bad
as theirs," she said.
She found solace at a local Hurrican Sandy support group shortly after the disaster.
"These emotions were all normal reactions to a life shattering situation," says Dr.
Dhall, a psychotherapist who started the group and who lost her own Long Beach home.
"I knew there was a need for a safe space for people to come and talk about what they
were going through.
It can be very isolating, you need a place you can share normalizes your experience with
everyone."
She goes on to add that psychologist show that better efforts to push government will
help people to deal with the range of problems climate change will cause which will impact
how people do in school, work, and their relationships, ultimately affecting our society and economy,
the group told congress.
Katrina demonstrates all these problems in microcosm, and a whole body of research strongly
predicts severe psychological and social consequences.
This shows that testimony from the congress panel that doctors gave about the impacts
of mental health not just on
one person, but how it echoes in the society around them, their jobs, their education,
their ability to care for others, themselves, all are impacted by mental health which is
impacted by these storms.
The author develops a cause and effect relationship as she builds on it.
She ends by arguing that people have to adapt to an unpredictable world.
She's not saying we should just give up, but rather deal with the unknown is basically
one way to deal with this.
This ties into coping and support groups which earlier sections shows is a way for people
to get help.
They aren't alone and that makes all the difference in how they deal with these things.
This ties into the larger ethical ideas in her argument of collective strength, teamwork,
and community building, counter the problems when communities are hit.
The 3rd essay on page 511."Climate Change, Schools, Providers, and the Effects and Dampen
Political Opposition" by Roszenack, argues on page 512 stats, "Parker author of an 2008
book on climate change argues that it is a risk amplifier.
There isn't a disease that directly results from climate change, it just makes them more
likely."
Another quote states, "an an education I operate on empirical facts, I've seen longer allergy
seasons, and because of that we are seeing increased respiratory disorders."
This shows that different medical professionals examine the personal impact of climate change,
things like allergies due to worsening air quality.
The earlier disease quote shows how diseases are more likely to be contracted.
This corrobroates with the earlier article about CDC's quote on the impact on diseases
from climate change.
It goes on paragraph 10 the quote says, "climate change will affect people more directly, we
are preparing our students to be leaders in a global context."
This shows how medical staff are being training to face the problems climate change causes
in their patients.
Paragraph 13 on quotes from Wan a graduate student in the medical field that "climate
change is about more than polar bears."
This shows how Robeznieks argues that climate change is more than about the impact on artic
regions, and Wan's point is on how climate change effects people here locally where people
live across the world.
The point of the article is the interconnection this problem has.
Paragraph 15 describes one program that tries to find ways to help patients partner with
utilities like PGE with bill assistance to improve performance of their homes.
This shows some of the suggestions for people to make their homes more energy efficient,
reduce pollution which reduces climate change.
This shows how peoples daily behavior ties to the environment around them.
On page 513 paragraph 23, it describes how health care companies can reduce their own
carbon footprints.
It says that, "Last October however Gunderson broke the sound barrier.
They saw more energy from renewable sources than they consumed," Plat said.
Energy comes from wind and solar, methane from the manure, 2000 cows from a nearby dairy,
thermal heat from a source beneath the parking lot, and a biomass boiler creates energy.
With a system that gets natural gas from companies in Pennsylvania and Texas now gets wood from
local sources.
This shows how large healtcare facilities like hospitals are moving towards more renewable
and greener energy sources, to try and reduce their own carbon footprint.
This ties into the author's wider approach about how healthcare companies don't just
care for patients, but also ways to function in a more sustainable manner.
Pg. 514 paragraph 31-32 highlights how Kaiser Permanente one of the major hospital companies
is increasing going to transfer to greener energy sources.
Gives stats on how they'll do this.
This shows a larger plan going forward, to gradually transition to greener energy sources.
The 4th article, "Should We be having kids in the era of Climate Change?"
This article by Levin looks at some of the ethical aspects of dealing with climate change,
similar to what we saw with the medical responsibility article.
These articles look at how do we morally respond to climate change.
The first article in the chapter is logic based approach on how climate change impacts
the environment.
As we go in in the chapter the articles turn to the right and wrong ways to respond to
this and why we should be emotionally and ethically invested.
These strategies matter for these articles because the more we can see how people are
impacted, the more we can see a need to respond to deal with the situation, not just ignore
it, or contest if it is even happening.
This article starts off with the thesis on paragraph pg. 515.
Goes into because of issues of climate change should move people to deeply consider having
children.
Paragraph 14 goes into "Americans are one of the riches nations that produce high degree
of pollution.
This is cited from Rieder a philosophy professor.
Goes on to say people in the poorest nations are most likely to suffer the most from climate
change and that is unfair.
Also the question of moral duty to future generations who will live among climate devastation.
He goes on to suggest one way to protect children is not having them.
This shows part of Ledden's approach to the argument is to look at this on a personal
level.
It shows how Rieder addresses this issue in his class compared to his own life with his
wife.
The main ethical appeal is made stronger by showing that the ethical argument applies
personally and professionally.
This is why Leden argues that people have a choice, he doesn't tell them what they have
to do.
In page 515 second column were outside data argues how temperatures are gradually rising,
to show this is a worsening issue.
On page 516, he describes how the two climate groups both grapple with the fears of climate
change and desire to having children.
This is important because it shows others care about this issue besides Reider and has
a wider impact.
On page 517 second paragraph from the top says, "for Americans total metric tons of
carbon dioxide saved from all those measures over an entire lifetime of 80 years is 488.
By contrast the metric tons saved by having one fewer child is 9,441."
This highlights logically how vastly a differnce one less child makes.
This point hits home, tying the ethical and logical appeals together.
Multiple having one less child by multiple families adds up to thousands or millions
of metric tons of carbon dioxide.
This is a really strong point in the essay.
Reider raises the question that a student said if what if one of those children would
find a cure for climate change?
Reider argues in response that it is a longshot to know this.
We can't gamble that one of these children would help combat climate change.
He talks about possible solutions that for poorer countries increase birth control education
and in richer counties have a child tax.
This shows how he tries to find a solution based on the needs of a country.
In less developed countries where populations tend to be higher due to lack of education,
employment options, or knowledge of birth control, he argues public awareness ties back
to his point less children means less carbon dioxide.
Richer countries financial incentives is an effective measure.
He wants to avoid advocating restrictive policies like the one child policy in China, avoiding
the gray areas of state control in family planning.
He still points out this is people choice, he encourages not ordering people.
This is how he avoids violating the ethical freedoms being violated issue.
The 5th article on how "Climate Change Affect the Military" his thesis goes into, "I know
there are still some back in Washington who deny or refuse to deal with the issues of
national security and climate change."
This shows how Loki ties President Obama's speech to the National Coast Guard graduation,
to security issues tied to climate change.
He goes on to the 1st impact is how infrastructure and military bases will be affected by sea
rise, bridges, dams, etc.
Since many bases are coastal they would be affected.
He goes into section 2 where he argues that arctic impacts due to water temperature which
ties back to the past article dealing with ocean acidicity.
As oceans get hotter, food supplies change, so animals that feed on prey would have to
move.
The change in food supply would change food sources for people too.
This links to the larger security issue of food supply and as food gets more scarce,
and the conflicts this will create.
Section 3 Danger to electrical systems and access to power.
More power will be used and outages are more possible.
More disasters will make it harder to access power sources.
Section 4 Goes into how military bases will be impacted and how much they can be used
when damaged.
In paragraph 15 he cites that the Pentagon assessment argues that climate change poses
a threat to the interest of national security.
This highlights from President Obama's speech that military advisors recognize the threat
of climate change to the military.
The essay ends with a quote that stresses from the Coast Guard speech that climate change
will impact military goals and service.
This highlights how military stability and security for the
country will be affected.
The last article discusses in the first paragraph, "when Hurricane Sandy in October 2012 costs
1.8 million structures were destroyed, damage and economic loss exceeding 6.5 billion."
Livermon and Glassman's strategy is to try and hit the larger global issues and filter
it through a key example.
It is a good strategy to use to make the topic more accessible.
Using a well known disaster like Hurricane Sandy and using logical appeals shows the
structural damage and financial harm, apart from all the emotional, physical harm and
loss of life.
The essay demonstrates that as climate change worsens, storms worsen and will become more
common.
Paragraph 5 states that events like this show the economical impact will ripple out and
impact jobs.
This is really an all inclusive thesis because it hits on various ways the economy will be
affected from supplies to job access.
By itemizing the impacts, they can tie into to the supporting paragraphs later.
Pg. 522 top right hand column argues that the government hasn't addressed
this issue enough to prepare.
Because of
that the government and business will be
more unprepared when disasters happen.
Goes on in
paragraph 15 describes how
a
Thai flood drove up the cost of computers after various factories were damaged across
Asia.
This demonstrates again how they use one disaster to show the kinds of larger problems that
are happening.
On page 523 paragraph 19, explains how scientists should draw data from businesses.
This goes towards a solution where scientists and businesses should pool their sources to
understand the problem.
This solution will help deal with
how
the economy
is affected both locally and globally.
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