hello my name is David Sime and I'm a financial consultant I'm from London the
United Kingdom but I live and work in Moscow in Russia and have done for the
last six years this year I will be celebrating my 40th anniversary in the
financial services market and in addition to that I have a PhD level
qualification in financial services so this gives me a huge amount of knowledge
which I want to share with people out there who are beginners in the
investment market but want to become more confident to invest in themselves
now one of the criticisms normally of someone who is deemed to be an expert is
that the only people who understand them are other experts
so it's my intention to simplify the things that I know and to start from the
beginning literally from a blank piece of paper. it's my hope that I will
give people out their confidence to invest themselves and become wealth
creators for themselves. you know it's relatively easy to get a job these days
and get some income but what's much harder is to create wealth and sustain
that wealth.Generally speaking most people are looking to be independent in
their lives financially and the first step to that is to invest and to create
some wealth. Now in my eight or nine weeks which I will be covering basic
investment going forward to slightly more complicated investment schemes I
will promise you that I will not be quoting any Warren Buffett statements or
quotations Warren Buffett has been quoted more times he's probably done
individual trades, and also I want you to remember a couple of things when you're
investing and if you do start investing is first one is that if you do not
understand something stay away and the second one as much as all of the
thinking is done from here the brain okay never ignore here your gut
so your gut feeling can often tell you a great deal .now
with this in mind I want to start the process of building from this blank
piece of paper and we're going to have an analogy to help you build knowledge
and the analogy is going to be a house or here with Moscow at dacha so I want
you to imagine a house house front door it has four windows and behind each
windows a room and it has a roof typical shaped roof and have that and that's
going to be your investment house and we're gonna build knowledge for you
inside that house
so hopefully in your head you would have built something looking like this the
windows will be a different shape and probably in a slightly different
position that you had but fundamentally this is your investment house there's a
front door and that's the name of the house and you will see here there are
four windows and each window is placed a little bit higher than the one next to
it so this is window one this window two three and four and this is the roof and I'm
going to give these windows and the roof a category number represents the level of return
and a level of risk that you will take when you're investing so the lowest
level is one and the highest level is five here number one this type of
investment which I will go into you get the lowest return of all the investments
but you'll have the lowest risk number two you'll have a slightly higher return
than number one but a lower return
higher risk than number one for the lower risk number 3 and so on, up here number
five it's exposed potentially very high returns potentially a higher risk and its
outside the house because this type of investment he's very exposed to a number
of things that can happen globally.
these numbers have now changed to different types of investment. now in the
industry people talk about different types of investments as asset classes
what asset class are you in and we're going to go through
different asset classes and you're going to be using your brain to take into
account all these different types of asset classes and your gut will tell you
which one you prefer when it comes to investment sit down and think to
yourself how much do I want to invest over what period of time and how much
would I like to give back if you look at just 4or 5% it will stick you into
one of these things if you're looking for 15 to 20 percent it would equally
sneak you into one of these these rooms so you need to think about what it is
you want from your investment and over what period of time. so number one
through the door of the investment house we've come to cash deposits now cash
deposit is something that probably most of you have heard of it really is just
putting your money normally into a bank and you hand the money to the bank and
the bank will promise to pay you a small amount of money every year for as long
as you leave your investment with them so if you had ten thousand roubles
ten thousand dollars whatever you know I won't mention currency it's just a value
so ten thousand and you put ten thousand into the bank the bank says I'm
gonna pay you three percent ( by way of an example ) of that ten at the end of the year so at the end of
the year you've now got ten thousand three hundred because three percent of
ten thousand is 300. there's hardly any risk this time of the investment which is why it's here number 1. It is worldwide which is what w.w means
The risk here is if the bank fails so the bank crashes and goes bust what happens to your money well in
this country of Russia if you've got less than twenty thousand dollars the
government will give you back your money so this is extremely low risk for
anything under 20 thousand the in fact it's almost zero risk but the return
that you get on this money is low it's 3% in other parts of the world like the
UK you have a guarantee up to 80 thousand euros so you have eighty
thousand euros in the bank the bank goes bust that's okay doesn't matter the bank
can't pay you all the money whatever it can't pay you out of the 80 thousand
the government will make up the difference different countries have
different levels and this is the one thing that you would need to check what
is the depositor guarantee level for your country and remember the trick here
that if the depositor level like it is here in Russia it's $20,000 they don't
have more than $20,000 in any one bank spread your money if you've got $100,000
in five different banks and the whole banking system collapses you will still
get your $100,000 back under the depositor guarantee offered to you by
the Russian government similarly in the UK as in
another example if you've got more than 80,000 euros then put anything above
80,000 into another bank and so on and so forth and spread your risk so this is
the low-risk investment the next one here of bonds
now bonds are either government bonds or company bonds and what's going on
here is live with your money he will stick to 10,000 you give 10,000
to the government so you are lending money to the government they are
borrowing money from you and you will agree with them a term at which you will
then receive your money back so you give them 10,000 and you say this is for a
three year bond which means that they promise to pay you back your 10,000 at
the end of the third year now along the way they will agree to pay you some
interest just like down here and maybe they'll pay you 4% they might
only pay you 2% it does depend on the government again this is
worldwide so you can give money to the American government to the Russian
government to the European Union to the UK government and you strike a contract
with them so they have to give you that money back after three years it might
start but it could be one year it could be five years it could be 10 years them
along the way they'll pay a bit of interest the risk on government bonds is
that the government of that you have chosen defaults defaults means they
can't pay you so you give me money they promise to pay off to three years
and they say sorry I can't pay you how can he pay you half so you need to make a
judgment call as to what government you're giving your money and the
likelihood of them paying it back if you give it to the American government there
is a 99.999% chance, as near as you can get to a
hundred percent chance you'll give your money back
extremely strong economy and the $ is extremely strong. Other government around the
world you'd have to take a judgment call as to whether you're gonna get your
money back and the way to judge the risk level that you're taking is that the
government's that have the less risk give you the least amount of money every
year by Interest so the American government might say yeah we'll take your ten
thousand we'll give you two percent the Brazilian government who are needing
cash right now might say we'll give us your ten thousand would pay your eight
pay you four times as much as the American government but the chance that you'd be
getting your money back in my example I did in three years is a lot less so that
is how you judge the risk the risk to your money normally the lower the
Interest rate offered to you by the government the higher the chance we
getting your money back the higher the interest rate offered to you by the
government the lower the chance of you getting your money back it's just a
greater risk. companies also look to get money from you so it's the same but
you're lending money to a company so you could be lending money to Microsoft or
Apple or you could be lending money to a lesser-known company they would have the
same deal give me ten thousand I'll give it back to you in three years or five
years or ten years and along the way I'll pay you some interest just like
down here exactly the same as a government bond and exactly the same as
a cash deposit in the bank there pay you some interest and again depending
on the strength for that company you have to take a judgment call
as to whether you will get your money back at the end of the agreed period
number three up here it's property we call property the UK real estate around
the world and if two different types of property there is commercial property
and there's residential property now out of all the advice that I give the only
time I would ever suggest that somebody buy something directly and not in a fund
which we'll go into later is when it comes to residential property I'm a
great believer you know owning your own property be it one that you live in or
one that you buy and then you want to rent out. otherwise I'm very much a
supporter of funds mutual funds and again this is another lesson that I will
go into, mutual funds why I like mutual funds but real estate is up another level from bonds so the returns can be quite good
but we are dealing with the property market and anybody knows out there
that the property values are generally speaking they creep up but they
definitely have their bubbles and they pop and you will get certain parts of
the world where it's a fantastic opportunity to buy property and if you
get in at the right level you can make a lot of money if you get in at the
wrong level you could lose it all so your returns to be really good but the
risk of something go wrong could be quite high commercial property from a
personal point of view I wouldn't touch any commercial property at all I
wouldn't touch it personally directly in in a partnership with someone or even in
a fund it isn't really for most of us for 90%
of us they want to create wealth we don't need to be in commercial property
then comes the big one equities shares stocks commonly called stocks
as well this is where you're investing in companies and this is where you see
the interest all the time every day what's the market done we are obsessed with it
every day we want to know what the Nick Jones done Dow Jones has done sorry Nikkei
index Dow Jones the footsie which is the UK always looking at what the market has done up
and down and this is equities and you can make long-term good returns from the
equity market over 3 5 10 15 20 years and this is where the biggest amount of
money goes and we will go into more detail up here I for one notartificial intelligence but alternative
investments alternative investments you can make huge sums of money you can be
given amazing returns offer to you I'll do 25% per year for five years older
you're 50 percent per year for two years but these are extremely risky these are
normally very specific projects in certain parts of the world sold to you as
being better than all the rest but hugely risky you can lose your shirt on
some of these alternative investments we will go into them but not too much
detail so this is your basic lesson on investments and what I want to do going
forward is just go into each room and expand a little bit more on how you
would go about investing in some of these asset classes
the best way to invest and the things to avoid and during our journey I'll treat
you to a few investment cheats ten investment cheats a little saying if you
know the cheats you know what to check it's what people have done in the past
they could be careful not to lose your shirt .so that is the end of this
lesson I hope you found it useful and I'll be back with lessen number two to
go into much more detail about the things that we discussed today thank you
for listening
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