Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder,
which is known as ADHD,
is one of the the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders of children.
Children with ADHD may have problems paying attention,
excessive activity, or difficulty controlling behavior
which is not appropriate for a person's age.
ADHD not only affects children and teens
but can also continue into adulthood
Pediatrician, Psychologist, and Psychiatrist
these are the main ADHD treating divisions.
The most common treatments for
ADHD are neurofeedback, medication,
thoughtfulness, and diet and exercise control.
Current researches suggest that
the illness is associated with
functional impairments in some of the brain's neurotransmitter systems,
particularly those involving
dopamine and norepinephrine.
Dopamine is a kind of organic chemical
that plays important roles in the brain and body.
And they function differently in different parts of brains and bodies.
In the body, dopamine may affect our kidneys
immune systems,
or even digest systems.
On the other hand, in the brain,
dopamine function as a neurotransmitter.
It will sent out messages to other cells
in order to provoke reactions.
If the activity and quantity of dopamine in the brain
fail to regulate completely and normally,
it can lead to illness and diseases.
Like Parkinson's Disease and ADHD.
The global ADHD prevalence rate is
between 5 and 12 percent.
The prevalence rate in the US
is estimated to be 7 to 11,
while the number is relatively lower in Taiwan, , which is 5 to 7 .
Yet only 2.3 percent of ADHD children
in Taiwan were diagnosed.
In the US, on the other hand,
9.6 percent ADHD children were diagnosed
and offered treatment in 2016.
Complex cultural and social factors may contribute
to the difference in the rates between countries.
Normal people in Taiwan
don't take their children to Psychiatries
because they believe their children
are not crazy nor lunatic.
This is the reason why the diagnose rate in Taiwan is so low.
Most of the parents
only consider ADHD children
as naughty and hard to discipline.
They don't, umm..
Their "insight" for the disease is low,
which means they don't consider it as a disease need to be treated.
Another reason is that Taiwan is less respectful towards professions,
and with such low insight for ADHD,
psychotherapist is under-appreciated.
Not psychiatrist, the doctor,
I refer to the counseling psychologist, clinical psychologist,
and physiotherapist.
They were often overlooked and tend to have a lower status.
Of course they are not looked up to as much as the doctors.
Yet these positions play very important roles
in the entire medical system.
You have to wait up to 6 months
to make an appointment for ADHD in a hospital.
I took an ADHD parent test for 3.5 hours,
an entire 3 and a half hour without rest.
I finally realize that why the diagnose rate is so low,
because there isn't enough manpower,
especially psychotherapist.
Another reason behind the low diagnose rate in Taiwan,
is from a deeper emotional perspective.
We often ask, "Whose fault is this?"
We tend to blame one another when we realize problems,
and even want to find out whose genes is to blame.
Under this situation,
even after diagnose, some parents still decline to accept medical treatments.
The deep reason is that parents wonder
which one of them passed on the disorder genes to the child?
The ADHD parents I know
everyone faces or have faced this awkward situation.
Everyone is tracing back to find out which bloodline is to blame.
Because from what they were told by the doctors,
it is almost certain that ADHD is inherited from the genes.
Therefore, parents start to blame on each other
Doctors rely on several things to diagnose ADHD,
including questionnaires or rating scales that measure
symptoms of ADHD.
Or, interviews with the parents, relatives,
teachers, and other adults.
Generally speaking, teachers are the first to raise concern.
Because teachers are more experienced with children,
while the parents only have experience with 1 or 2,
4 or 5 kids at most.
So parents are tend to be less conscious to abnormal behaviors,
yet teachers, as educational workers,
they are more sensitive to disorders in kids.
But of course, there are teachers who
tell parents to take their children to the doctors
only because they are less under control or disobedient.
This happens, sometimes.
My brother had changed so much
since he went to a psychiatrist at 9 years old.
He changed completely, like a different person.
In some ways he felt like he was labeled.
It was his teacher at the time
who told my parents to take him to the doctors.
The teacher told my mother that
my brother needs to see a doctor,
and maybe accept medical treatments or something.
And my mother was
worried sick so she did took him to the doctors.
Since then, my brother
often lack of confidence,
have no personal opinions,
and was afraid to speak his mind.
So,
I believe that
the psychiatrist experience
had affected him more or less.
The feeling of being labeled,
and considered as
a naughty, bad child.
So if we can rewind the time,
I believe that
my parents would definitely reconsider
whether to take him to the doctor
as soon as the teacher told them to do so.
Because this may affect him largely while growing up.
A few years ago in New Taipei City, Taiwan,
the local government encouraged to conduct general ADHD test on all children.
You can still watch their promoting video about ADHD
made by the New Taipei City government on Youtube.
The video was aimed at educating the parents
which symptoms and behaviors may
possibly be ADHD.
And they conducted 1 or 2 years of
general ADHD testing on all children.
But they never continued to conduct general test,
and the reason is rather complicated.
Current concerns are
firstly...
the matter of human rights,
such as the concept of
"You can not suspect everyone because one of the people is a thief."
This is the reason why many people were against general test,
because it may interfere with personal privacy or else.
So,
when the government stopped to conduct general test,
maybe due to the lack of fund
or other political issues.
But I believe the major reason the policy failed is because of the backlash from parents.
Parents tend to oppose general test because
they believe their child is not crazy nor mad,
how can the government suspect their child by conducting tests?
In other words, people consider ADHD as psycho.
No, I don't see any governmental assistance.
I really didn't get any help from the government for my ADHD child.
Due to the low birth rate in Taiwan,
the number of people suffering from ADHD is relatively lower
than those who have Dementia.
The numbers of new borns are so low
while the elder population growing rapidly,
so....
umm..
the resource assigned to ADHD is obviously fewer and slower.
As we said,
maybe one reason is the passive attitude of the parents,
another is the lack of propaganda,
but I consider the most important reason behind
the lack of governmental resource on ADHD is that
too many psychiatrists,
or anyway, psychologists
and physiotherapists,
they devoted themselves more in Dementia research.
There are many social, cultural, and emotional
reasons behind the low diagnose rate in Taiwan.
Including the conservative attitude towards mental illness in the society as a whole,
the lack of Child and Adolescent mental health related professional resource
and low illness literacy.
Yet there is no certain nor only
way to diagnose or treat ADHD.
Therefore, we should look after suffering children
with care and through consideration before taking any action,
and start from ADHD awareness raising.
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