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Hey gang!
Drex here from DrexFactor.com and I'm returning for the second video in my series about the
best settings for capturing flow arts videos with your camera!
In the last video we talked about frame rate and shutter speed--two very important settings
that have huge effect on the outcome of your video.
Today we're going to dive into aperture and ISO settings
Before we dive in, I just want to take a moment to give a shout out to the friends of the
channel!
Big thanks to Dark Monk, Emazing Lights, Flowtoys, Spinballs, and Ultra Poi for helping to make
the videos on this channel possible.
You can visit them all on the web by following the links down in the description of this
video.
Aperture and ISO have some similarities in that they have a lot to do with how much light
your camera collects in the course of shooting, but they go about it in very different ways.
Do me a favor real quick and pull out your smartphone.
Put it in selfie mode and go to the nearest open window and take a close photo of your
eyes in the sunlight.
Now go someplace darker indoors--maybe a hallway or the stall in a restroom and take another
photo of your eyes.
You should notice a difference between the two--in the sunlight your irises contract
to make your pupil very small whereas in lower light your irises expand to make your pupils
bigger.
This is because your irises are adjusting to the amount of ambient light around you.
Smaller pupils for more light and bigger pupils for less.
There's a small mechanism inside your camera's lense that has the capacity to grow and shrink
the same way your irises do.
It's called the aperture.
Aperture is usually notated with what are called f-stops.
You'll see a notation that will have an f followed by a backslash and then a number.
The higher that number, the smaller the hole light is getting through in your camera and
thus the less light exposure it gets.
The lower the number, the bigger the hole light is getting through and thus the more
light exposure it gets.
But it turns out aperture has another property aside from just controlling how much light
comes in--it also has an effect on what's called depth of field.
Put simply, depth of field is the camera's capacity to see everything in front of it
in focus.
Ever see a shot in a movie where something far away starts off in focus and then focus
shifts to something nearby or vice-versa?
This is accomplished with a shallow depth of field.
The smaller the f-stop, the more shallow the depth of field.
When you go for higher f-stops you'll find that most everything in your frame is all
more or less at the same degree of focus.
If you get a clear picture of something nearby it's almost certain you'll get a clear
picture of something far away as well.
You can use this to your advantage if you want to have a flow video where the background
is blurry but the artist themselves are in focus closer up in the frame.
So now that leaves ISO.
ISO is the camera's sensitivity to light--that is how much it is boosting the light's signal
once it arrives at its internal sensor.
When you shoot with a low ISO, there's very little boost to this signal.
What you'll see as a result is an image where all the surfaces seem very flat and
clean and colors are all pushed together to seem more or less uniform.
When you shoot with a high ISO, the camera electronics are boosting the signal of the
light being collected on the sensor.
You'll see textures begin to emerge and colors become much more distinct with high
levels of contrast.
If you keep boosting the ISO, it's also very likely you'll start to see the signal
boosting so much that pixelated noise begins to emerge in the picture, with very small
grains of colors appearing like dust.
Aperture and ISO are your biggest tools for controlling the brightness of the images you're
collecting in your video, but they're also linked closely with your frame rate and shutter
speed.
Remember how I said that shutter speed governed how long the camera collected light for each
frame it shoots?
Well, it also turns out that the shorter the time your camera is collecting light, the
darker the picture it gets.
So if you're shooting at a high shutter speed you're going to either have to shoot
at a lower aperture f-stop or a higher ISO or both.
In general, when I shoot I like to set two priorities for the resulting footage to govern
how I adjust these settings.
So let's say for the sake of argument that I want to have a static shot where I'm spinning
LED poi to get trails and shooting the background is unimportant to me.
I'd probably want to shoot at 30 fps and a shutter speed of 1/30.
Because I want to collect as much light as possible and I don't care about the background,
I can shoot with a low aperture f-stop of 3.5 and then set my ISO as low as I want to
ensure as clean an image as I can get.
Or let's say that I want to take some slow-mo handheld shots of myself spinning during daylight
to later stabilize and that I want bold contrasts.
I'd probably want to shoot at 60 fps with a shutter speed of 1/1000.
Because I want those bold contrasts, I'm going to boost my ISO to either 3200 or 6400
but not much higher in order to avoid excessive noise in my footage.
From here, I'll set my aperture wherever I need it to get a good picture--it might
be low enough that my depth of field makes the background kind of blurry and that's
okay!
Or...how about I want to record a flow video in front of an incredibly cool monument or
piece of public art that I come across in my travels?
Well, the focus here is going to be on cleanliness of picture and depth of field, so I'll just
go ahead and shoot at 30 fps with a shutter speed of 1/60.
Stock and easy.
I'm going to shoot at any f-stop above f-10 or 15 to get that nice depth of field and
keep my ISO as low as I can.
Beautiful!
Cool!
So I hope this helps out with your own videos.
It can take a bit of experimentation to get to a point where you feel comfortable with
your camera so be sure to try out a lot of different things!
Got some projects you want to work on?
Shoot me the details and priorities in the comments and I'll see if I can help you
find settings that will work for you.
Thanks so much for watching.
If you got anything out of this video, please hit that like and subscribe button to help
my channel grow!
Special thanks to all my awesome supporters on Patreon--you guys are the ones that make
these videos possible.
If you're not a current backer and would like to sign up to support the work that I
do, please go to patreon.com/drexfactorpoi.
Thanks again and peace!
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